Greater Malé Region

Reference

Toolkit data

The counts and scores behind Chapter 02, toolkit by toolkit. The book's Appendix A.

A.01Toolkit data

What the toolkits counted, on all three islands. Digital edition only.

These pages hold the survey data behind Chapter 02. Each toolkit has its own page, with the three islands in the same order as the rest of the book: Malé, Villimalé, Hulhumalé. Where a theme page prints a number, the same number can be worked out here.

We surveyed each island on two days, one weekday and one rest day, each in three blocks: 10:00 to 12:00, 16:00 to 18:00 and 20:00 to 22:00.

What Was SurveyedMaléVillimaléHulhumalé
Toolkit 1Land use and building scalestreet segments10156A.02
Toolkit 2Activity, comfort and safetysurvey areas686A.03
Toolkit 3Density and housing qualityplots36698A.04
Toolkit 5Walking activity and movement countsurvey areas686A.07
Toolkit 6Public space quality and microclimatespaces10116A.08

HOW TO READ THE TABLES

– not recorded. A zero is printed as 0.

est. worked out, not counted; the method is on page A.09.

Not shown Toolkit 4, and Villimalé's movement tally (Toolkit 5), for the reasons on page A.09.

Order rows follow each group's own numbering, so a row can be found on the group's map in Chapter 02.

Totals are worked out again from the rows, not copied from the groups' sheets. Shares are of the total length, count or area, not averages of the rows.

Codes every letter in a table is spelled out under it.

WHERE THE DATA IS KEPT

The groups' field sheets are kept in data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx, one sheet per island and toolkit (M-, V-, H-). The field sheets number some toolkits differently from the book: book Toolkit 3 is field sheet T5, Toolkit 5 is T3-A, and Toolkit 6 is T4. This appendix uses the book's numbers. Its pages are numbered A.01 to A.09, apart from the printed book.

A.02Toolkit 1: Land use and building scale

Every street was walked in segments and each segment graded from A (active) to E (inactive), after Gehl's study of Perth (2009), from its doors, closed frontage, variety and detail.

Table A.1.1 Every street segment, Toolkit 1. Source: field sheets M-T1, V-T1 and H-T1, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
SegmentLength MUsesUnitsDoorsDoors Per 100 MClosed %Head Height, MDiversityDetailGrade
MALÉ · 10 SEGMENTS
153RC71935.8502.5mediummediumD
250RC122142.0302.5mediummediumC
318RC101266.7703.0lowlowD
433RC8618.2503.0lowlowD
572C4912.5303.0mediummediumC
633C4824.2503.0mediummediumD
7350I120.690–lowlowE
865RI81320.0703.0lowmediumD
925R4624.0503.0lowlowD
1020CR2420.0303.0mediummediumC
All 107196010013.968Graded D or E: 80% of the length
VILLIMALÉ · 15 SEGMENTS
1100R71515.0551.7lowmediumD
2100R61111.0851.8mediummediumE
3100R/C111414.0551.9mediummediumD
4100R/C61111.0451.8mediummediumC
5100R311.0752.5lowlowE
6100R121919.0701.9lowhighD
7100R/C101313.0351.8highhighC
8 (1)52V011.9951.1mediummediumE
9 (2)57R/C6814.0751.8mediumhighE
10 (3)78I233.8853.0mediumlowE
11 (4)76I145.3953.0lowlowE
12 (5)40R(1),V(1)600.0150.01lowB
13 (6)60W(3),R(1),V(2)6610.0361.62mediumC
14 (7)53R(2),W(1),V6611.3501.72mediumD
15 (8)82W,V644.9301.71lowE
All 151,198881169.761Graded D or E: 75% of the length
HULHUMALÉ · 6 SEGMENTS
1100CFV444.0404.1highmediumC
2100CFI1555.0304.1mediumlowC
3100CIV25050.0404.1highmediumC
4100CX888.0304.1highmediumC
5100CIV25050.0404.1highmediumC
6100CIV25050.0404.1highmediumC
All 66003316727.837Graded D or E: 0% of the length

Uses, as coded on the field sheets: R residential, C commercial, I industrial, V vacant, W warehouse; F and X to be confirmed with the Hulhumalé group. Closed: the share of the frontage with no door or window onto the street.

A.03Toolkit 2: Activity, comfort and safety

Everyone who stopped in each survey area, by what they were doing, over all six sessions.

AreaStanding At A DoorOn A ThresholdOn A Wall Or VehicleOn A Joali Or SeatWaitingChildren PlayingVendor Or GoodsOtherAllShare Of Island
MALÉ · 6 AREAS
018237589585020037739%
0273029027012014115%
0325024027065879%
049003808009021722%
05381180310409210%
0618114019010535%
All32639181952690525967
VILLIMALÉ · 16 AREAS
01154462201406516%
02130233365359%
030200600082%
0410112222103910%
0519396295507619%
0615275314657519%
070000100672%
084120200092%
09 (1)00523312164%
10 (2)50164501226%
11 (3)00006410113%
12 (4)00091000103%
13 (5)0005200072%
14 (6)0004201072%
15 (7)0014000051%
16 (8)0014101072%
All81133356135263619399
HULHUMALÉ · 6 AREAS
01812322201000847%
02750128217411825422%
03190018391501937133%
0432891101720202323921%
05652426231200968%
062056516200908%
All74196153410626822501,134
Table A.2.1 People staying, every survey area. Table A.2.2 The same, by session. Source: field sheets M-T2, V-T2 and H-T2, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
By Session, All AreasRest Day 10:0016:0020:00Weekday 10:0016:0020:00All
Malé126204113162221141967
Villimalé6610254499533399
Hulhumalé1745623980001,134

On a threshold: sitting on a door step. Share of island: the area's part of everyone staying on that island. Villimalé's sheet has 16 areas, 01 to 08 and (1) to (8), all shown as recorded.

A.04Toolkit 3: Density and housing quality

Each plot's density, from its floors and floor area, beside a housing quality score out of 32 for its uses, ground-floor access, human scale, diversity and flexibility.

Table A.3.1 Every plot, Toolkit 3: Malé; Villimalé and Hulhumalé follow. Plot IDs are block-plot, restored where the spreadsheet had turned them into dates. Source: field sheet M-T5.
PlotPlot Area, M²FloorsFloor Area, M²Coverage, %Far, As UsedGfa ÷ Plot AreaUsesGroundfloorHuman ScaleDiversityFlexibilityScore Of 32
MALÉ · 36 PLOTS
1-15974131006.007.00002237dense
1-214657301003.005.002032310dense
1-3861861001.001.00102227not dense
1-417081,3601007.008.002032310dense
1-5117001000.000.00–0–––0not dense
1-612156051004.005.00203229dense
1-74162461005.006.00203229dense
2-17253601004.005.00003238dense
2-25342121004.004.00002226dense
2-315281,2161005.008.002032310dense
2-47021401001.002.00002226not dense
3-123571,6451005.007.002054516dense, good
3-223549401003.004.001044615dense
4-1485104,8501006.0010.001046415dense
4-216058001004.005.001053312dense
5-129938971002.003.001054515dense
5-23451701004.005.001034614dense
5-32972001005.007.001044413dense
5-445794,1131006.009.002054617dense, good
6-15831741002.003.001043513dense
6-25863481004.006.001035514dense
6-35821161002.002.001054616dense, good
6-410522101001.002.001044312not dense
7-136,000136,0001000.001.00102328not dense
8-112033611003.003.002045617dense, good
8-29565701005.006.002055719dense, good
8-318723741002.002.001036515dense
8-428338491003.003.002033412dense
8-522336691003.003.002046618dense, good
8-65052481005.005.001065517dense, good
9-15731721003.003.001054313dense
9-2452901002.002.002043514dense
9-35152531004.005.001065618dense, good
9-45142031003.004.002044414dense
10-177043,0781003.004.001075518dense, good
10-271332,1401002.003.002064618dense, good

A.05Toolkit 3, continued: Density and housing quality

Villimalé's 69 plots, the survey Chapter 02 used, in two columns. The parts of each score, and the floor area and coverage behind each FAR, are kept in the field sheet.

VILLIMALÉ · 69 PLOTS

Table A.3.1, continued: Villimalé. Source: field sheet V-T5 (the copy holding the first survey), data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
PlotPlot Area, M²FloorsFarScore Of 32
B11/113022.006dense
B11/213011.004not dense
B13/113021.7410not dense
B13/213011.004not dense
B13/313022.0013dense
B13/413044.0012dense
B13/513010.843not dense
B16/192920.784not dense
B13/1013021.808not dense
B14/513054.559dense
B14/1013021.6510not dense
B15/513032.217dense
B15/1013021.773not dense
B11/413054.135dense
B11/613033.004dense
B11/813043.146dense
B11/1013011.005not dense
B11/1213022.0010dense
B12/213010.854not dense
B12/413011.003not dense
B12/613021.924dense
B12/813022.004dense
B12/1013022.005dense
B15/1013021.773not dense
B15/913032.943dense
B15/0813044.084dense
B15/0713021.338not dense
B15/0613010.949not dense
B12/1013010.9510not dense
B12/913021.827not dense
B12/913021.823not dense
B12/713032.985dense
B12/513010.714not dense
B12/313043.2314dense
B12/113021.9212dense
B11/1113021.9416dense, good
B11/913021.6821not dense, good
B11/713021.6512not dense
B11/513010.7020not dense, good
B11/313021.8614not dense
B11/113032.8813dense
B5/213010.8817not dense, good
B5/413010.4314not dense
B5/613000.008not dense
B5/813021.9314dense
B5/1013043.1711dense
B5/1213022.0910dense
B5/1413022.0311dense
B5/1613043.748dense
B5/1813076.756dense
B5/20130119.874dense
B5/2213010.8913not dense
B5/2313054.0716dense, good
B9/0413032.8810dense
B8/1413010.9714not dense
B8/1213010.8417not dense, good
B8/1013021.6518not dense, good
B8/813010.705not dense
B8/613010.937not dense
B8/413065.7920dense, good
B3/2413043.598dense
B3/1213032.6812dense
B21/210022.005dense
B21/310010.673not dense
B21/410011.003not dense
B21/57800.000not dense
B21/1333400.000not dense
B21/1217244.008dense
B21/1111222.004dense

Dense: FAR 1.87 or more. Good: 16 or more of 32. FAR as recorded by the group. Plot IDs are block/plot, as on the group's map.

A.06Toolkit 3, continued: Density and housing quality

Table A.3.1, continued: Hulhumalé. Source: field sheet H-T5.
PlotPlot Area, M²FloorsFloor Area, M²Coverage, %Far, As UsedGfa ÷ Plot AreaUsesGroundfloorHuman ScaleDiversityFlexibilityScore Of 32
HULHUMALÉ · 8 PLOTS
H51,6212536,4729023.0022.50022239dense
H61,2202527,4509023.0022.50022239dense
H71,2202527,4509023.0022.50022239dense
H81,6212536,4729023.0022.50022239dense
H91,6212536,4729023.0022.50022239dense
H101,2202527,4509023.0022.50022239dense
H111,2202527,4509023.0022.50022239dense
H121,6212536,4729023.0022.50022239dense
Table A.3.2 Summary, as Chapter 02's Theme 4 counts it. Source: field sheets M-T5, V-T5 and H-T5, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
Summary, As Chapter 02 Counts ItPlotsDense, PoorDense, GoodNot Dense, PoorNot Dense, GoodBest Score16 Or More
Malé362110501910
Villimalé69313305218
Hulhumalé8800090

Dense: FAR 1.87 or more (Sim, Soft City, p. 380). Good: a score of 16 or more of 32. FAR, as used: the groups' own FAR column, which Chapter 02 counts with. GFA ÷ plot area: the same worked out from the floor area; on Malé it would count two more plots as dense (page A.09).

DENSITY AGAINST HOUSING QUALITY, EVERY PLOT

MaléVillimaléHulhumalé32160081624081624081624FARFARFAR
Score of 32 up the side. The grey lines mark the dense threshold (FAR 1.87) and good housing quality (16). Plots with the same values sit side by side. Figure A.3.1 Density against housing quality, every plot, on one scale.

A.07Toolkit 5: Walking activity and movement count

Everyone passing a line across the street in ten minutes, in shade or in the sun, in each of the six sessions; with the micro-mobility users and the people staying counted at the same line.

Table A.5.1 People passing each survey line, by session, in shade and in the sun. Source: field sheets M-T3-A and H-T3-A, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
AreaRest Day 10:00 ShadeRest Day 10:00 SunRest Day 16:00 ShadeRest Day 16:00 SunRest Day 20:00 ShadeRest Day 20:00 SunWeekday 10:00 ShadeWeekday 10:00 SunWeekday 16:00 ShadeWeekday 16:00 SunWeekday 20:00 ShadeWeekday 20:00 SunMicromobilityStayingWalking, All
MALÉ · 6 AREAS
01263783491025735718950092509
0227556803700000002127187
0352633105400000004728128
0435854068000000000165
05001611000000002827
06001710000000002527
All9312627135250025735718950721601,043
HULHUMALÉ · 6 AREAS
01045155011900000001927319
0264899124100000001788206
0311501321421000000011130228
041150170026000000016208257
050450557500000001012175
0664881107400000001737219
All34286637913560000000905021,404

Walking: commuting, strolling and people needing help, as tallied. Staying and micro-mobility are counted at the same line, all sessions together. Villimalé is not shown: its tally is from the survey made again after its area changed, which Chapter 02 did not use (page A.09).

PEDESTRIAN PRIORITY AND CROSSING CHECKLIST

Five checks in each survey area, each marked by the group on site: a filled dot is good, an open dot is poor.

Table A.5.2 The crossing checklist, every survey area. Source: field sheets M-T3-B, V-T3-B and H-T3-B, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
Malé 01Malé 02Malé 03Malé 04Malé 05Malé 06Villimalé 01Villimalé 02Villimalé 03Villimalé 04Villimalé 05Villimalé 06Villimalé 07Villimalé 08Hulhumalé 01Hulhumalé 02Hulhumalé 03Hulhumalé 04Hulhumalé 05Hulhumalé 06
Pavement continuousgoodpoorpoorgoodgoodgoodgoodpoorgoodgoodpoorgood–goodgoodgoodgoodpoorgoodgood
Junctions easy to readgoodgoodpoorgoodpoorpoorgoodgoodgoodgoodpoorgood–goodgoodgoodgoodpoorgoodgood
Pavement wide enoughgoodpoorpoorgoodpoorpoorgoodpoorgoodgood–good–poorgoodgoodgoodgoodgoodgood
Pavement free of obstaclespoorpoorpoorgoodpoorpoorgoodgoodgoodgoodpoorpoor–goodgoodgoodgoodpoorgoodpoor
Crossings directpoorpoorpoorpoorpoorpoorgoodgoodgoodgoodpoorgood–goodgoodgoodgoodpoorgoodgood
Good checks, of 5310411535504–4555154

– not recorded (Villimalé area 07 is blank on the sheet; area 05's pavement width is marked not applicable). Villimalé's sheet also holds the eight areas of its later survey, (1) to (8), which Chapter 02 did not use.

A.08Toolkit 6: Public space quality and microclimate

Thirteen qualities of each public space, after Gehl's twelve quality criteria with shade added, each scored from 1 (poor) to 5 (good): protection, comfort, and delight and microclimate.

Table A.6.1 Every public space, Toolkit 6. Source: field sheets M-T4, V-T4 and H-T4, data/toolkit_survey_all_islands.xlsx.
SpaceP1P2P3C1C2C3C4C5C6D1D2D3D4Of 65Grade
MALÉ · 10 SPACES
1132111231222324D
2132211131233124D
3123221221222325D
4123111121221321D
5114121131442429C
6422421331424335C
7441221431433335C
8232211121233124D
9122211121322121D
10122144332322433C
Mean1.72.42.31.81.71.31.92.61.12.82.52.42.627.1
VILLIMALÉ · 14 SPACES
1543551554533452B
2334113453423339B
35415515522–––35C
4551545545544557A
5334322242323134C
6053003553255339B
7555553551555559A
9433331232434439B
11552531453544450B
12553431232534343B
13114434153525139B
14112424245533137C
15114322151544134C
16113444342533138C
Mean3.13.33.03.63.02.53.34.42.74.33.33.82.842.5
HULHUMALÉ · 6 SPACES
1242511251111127C
2241311251222127C
3243511254222134C
4243211121312124D
5242412121312126C
6243511255222135C
Mean2.04.02.34.01.01.21.74.02.22.21.51.81.028.8

Protection: P1 traffic, P2 crime and security, P3 sensory discomfort. Comfort: C1 walking, C2 standing and lingering, C3 sitting, C4 seeing and sightlines, C5 talking and listening, C6 play and activity. Delight and microclimate: D1 human scale, D2 sun and rain protection, D3 shade through the day, D4 aesthetic quality. A blank score is –. Grades as given on the field sheets.

A.09Data notes: How the numbers were worked out, and what is still open

NOT IN THIS APPENDIX

Toolkit 4 Layering vs stacking is not shown (editor's decision); its results are on the Theme 4 pages.

Villimalé, Toolkit 5 tally The group surveyed again after its area changed. The workbook holds only the new movement tally, which Chapter 02 did not use, so it is left out. Its crossing checklist is shown for areas 01 to 08, as in Chapter 02.

Villimalé, Toolkit 3 From the copy of the field sheet that holds the first survey: its first 69 plots, the ones Chapter 02 counted. The 14 rows after them were added later and are not shown.

HOW THE NUMBERS ARE WORKED OUT

Doors per 100 m Doors ÷ segment length × 100; for an island, all doors ÷ all length.

Closed frontage As recorded per segment; for an island, weighted by segment length.

FAR Chapter 02 counts with each group's own FAR column. Worked out as floor area ÷ plot area, Malé's plots would give 33 dense rather than 31.

Housing quality Out of 32 (the book's scale); the field sheet heads its total /36.

Micro-mobility share Micro-mobility users ÷ (micro-mobility users + pedestrians).

SCER Hulhumalé group: vehicle conflicts ÷ (conflicts + people staying), 15% or more meaning severe. The Malé and Villimalé figures labelled SCER are the micro-mobility share.

All reference pages